Legal Age of Marriage in India 2026: Court and Love Marriage Age for Boy and Girl

Note: This is general guidance for 2026, not legal advice. Marriage law in India is governed by central Acts but administered state by state, so forms, fees and timelines vary. Always confirm the current process on the official state portal or with your local Sub-Registrar or Marriage Officer, and consult a lawyer for your specific situation.

The legal minimum age today

As of 2026, the legal minimum age of marriage in India is 21 years for the man and 18 years for the woman. This is set by the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 and is reflected across the marriage statutes: the Hindu Marriage Act, the Special Marriage Act and others all require the parties to have reached these ages. When you register a marriage, the age proof you submit, such as a passport, birth certificate or 10th-standard marksheet, is precisely how the registrar confirms both parties meet the requirement. See the pillar overview at marriage registration in India and our documents required for marriage registration guide for the age documents accepted.

Why age proof matters at registration

Because the minimum age is a legal condition of a valid marriage, age proof is one of the most important documents at registration, and a mismatch or shortfall is a common reason an application is questioned. Acceptable age proof generally includes a passport, a birth certificate, a school leaving or 10th-standard certificate, or another government document showing date of birth. Make sure the date of birth is consistent across all your documents. Our documents required for marriage registration guide lists what each Act and state accepts.

What the law says about under-age marriage

A marriage where either party is below the legal age is a child marriage under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006. The Act makes it an offence to perform, promote or permit a child marriage, with penalties, and a child marriage is voidable at the option of the party who was a minor. This is general information; anyone facing a question about the validity of a marriage should consult a lawyer. The civil route for adults is the Special Marriage Act 1954, and our court marriage process in India guide explains court marriage.

The proposed change to 21 for women

A Bill, the Prohibition of Child Marriage (Amendment) Bill, 2021, was introduced to raise the legal minimum age of marriage for women from 18 to 21, to bring it in line with the age for men. The Bill was sent to a parliamentary standing committee and lapsed when the 17th Lok Sabha was dissolved in June 2024, so it never became law and the legal age for women remains 18. Because law in this area can change, confirm the current position before relying on it, and treat any news of a change as effective only once it is notified and in force.

Age and consent for adults

For two consenting adults who meet the age requirement, the choice of partner is protected, and neither family nor community can override it, as our inter-caste and inter-religion marriage guide explains. Meeting the minimum age is one of several conditions of a valid marriage, alongside both parties being unmarried (or validly divorced or widowed) and of sound mind to consent. Once these are met, the couple can solemnise and register under the appropriate Act.

Practical points for couples

Keep a clear, consistent age proof for each partner, since this is checked at registration; reconcile any difference in date of birth across your documents in advance; and remember the minimum age applies whichever Act you marry under. If you are close to the threshold, ensure the document you rely on is one the registrar accepts. For the full document checklist see our documents required for marriage registration guide, and for the registration steps see the pillar at marriage registration in India.

Court marriage age for a boy and a girl

The age is exactly the same. A court marriage does not carry its own separate age rule. Under Section 4(c) of the Special Marriage Act, 1954, the male must have completed 21 years and the female must have completed 18 years at the time of the marriage. That is the identical threshold that applies to a temple, church or banquet-hall wedding, so a couple who cannot marry religiously because of age cannot get around it by going to a registrar instead.

This is the single most common misunderstanding we hear from couples. People assume a court marriage is a faster or more permissive route for a young couple. It is neither. What the court marriage process does offer is a marriage that is valid regardless of the religion of either party, and a certificate issued directly by the state rather than by a religious institution.

The one thing court marriage does add is time. The Special Marriage Act requires a 30-day public notice period between filing and solemnisation. If either of you turns 21 or 18 during that window, count carefully: the age requirement is tested at the date of the marriage, not the date of the notice, but a marriage officer will usually not accept a notice from someone who is still under age when filing. Speak to the office before you file rather than losing the 30 days.

The age under each marriage law

India has no single marriage statute. Which law you marry under depends on the religion of the parties and on whether you choose a civil ceremony, and each statute states its own age clause. In practice they all now converge on 21 and 18, but the section you will be quoted differs.

Hindu Marriage Act, 1955. Section 5(iii) requires the bridegroom to have completed 21 years and the bride 18 years. This governs Hindus, Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs. See our guide to registration under the Hindu Marriage Act.

Special Marriage Act, 1954. Section 4(c) sets the same 21 and 18. This is the civil route, open to any two people regardless of faith, and the one used for most inter-caste and inter-religion marriages. Our Special Marriage Act guide covers it in full.

Indian Christian Marriage Act, 1872. Marriages are solemnised in church by a licensed minister, and the registration process for Christian marriages follows from that. The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act ages apply.

Parsi Marriage and Divorce Act, 1936. Governs marriages between Parsi Zoroastrians, with its own registration route.

Muslim personal law. This is the one genuinely contested area. Classical Muslim personal law has historically tied capacity to marry to puberty rather than to a fixed numerical age. The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 is a secular statute of general application, and Indian High Courts have differed on whether it overrides personal law in this respect. Litigation on the point reached the Supreme Court, which in October 2024 declined to settle it and treated it as a question for Parliament. If this affects you, take advice from a lawyer on the current position rather than relying on any general guide, including this one. Separately, registration of a Muslim marriage is a distinct question from validity.

What counts as proof of age at the registrar

Marriage officers do not take your word for your age. Every registrar asks for documentary proof for both parties, and this is where otherwise straightforward applications stall.

Normally accepted. A birth certificate is the strongest document. A school leaving certificate or Class 10 board certificate showing date of birth is accepted almost everywhere and is what most Indian applicants actually produce. A passport works. So does a PAN card or Aadhaar in many states, although some offices treat Aadhaar as identity proof rather than age proof, which surprises people.

Where it goes wrong. The commonest problem is a mismatch between documents, typically a birth certificate showing one date and a school certificate showing another, which happens often with older records. Fix that before you file, not at the counter. The second commonest is a document in a name that no longer matches, after a spelling correction or a change of name. Our guide to the documents required for marriage registration sets out the full list and the affidavit route where a document is missing.

Do you need your parents’ consent

No, if you are both above the legal age. Once a man has completed 21 and a woman 18, they are adults in the eyes of Indian marriage law and their marriage does not require the consent, approval, presence or knowledge of their parents. The Supreme Court has affirmed this repeatedly, most prominently in Lata Singh v State of Uttar Pradesh (2006), and courts have consistently protected adult couples who marry against family opposition.

A marriage officer cannot refuse to solemnise a marriage between two consenting adults because a parent objects. Under the Special Marriage Act, any person may file an objection during the 30-day notice period, but an objection only has legal force if it points to a ground that would actually make the marriage void, such as an existing subsisting marriage or a prohibited degree of relationship. Family disapproval is not such a ground, and the marriage officer is required to inquire into and dispose of a frivolous objection rather than simply refuse.

This matters most for inter-caste and inter-religion couples, who face the greatest pressure. If you are in that position, plan the practical side carefully, including where the notice is displayed and who is likely to see it.

What happens if a marriage takes place below the age

An underage marriage in India is not automatically void. Under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, such a marriage is generally voidable at the option of the party who was a child at the time. That party may petition the district court to annul it, and the petition must ordinarily be filed within two years of that person attaining majority.

The Act treats some situations more severely and provides for a marriage to be void where a minor was taken or enticed away from lawful guardianship, or was sold, trafficked or compelled into the marriage. The Act also carries penal consequences for an adult who marries a child, and for those who perform, conduct, direct or abet a child marriage, which is why priests, marriage halls and family elders are all exposed, not only the couple.

The practical consequence for an ordinary couple is simpler: a registrar will not register the marriage, so there will be no marriage certificate, which in turn blocks a spouse visa, a joint home loan, insurance nomination and name change on official records.

Age rules for NRIs, foreigners and marriages abroad

The Indian age requirement follows the law you marry under, not your passport. If two Indian citizens marry in India under the Special Marriage Act, 21 and 18 apply regardless of where they live. Our NRI marriage registration guide covers the documentation an overseas applicant needs, including residency proof for the district where the notice is filed.

Where one party is a foreign national marrying in India, the Indian age rules still govern the ceremony, and the foreign party will additionally need a no-impediment certificate from their embassy. See marriage registration for foreigners in India.

Indian citizens marrying each other outside India before an Indian diplomatic officer come under the Foreign Marriage Act, 1969, which likewise sets 21 for the male and 18 for the female. Our Foreign Marriage Act guide explains that route. Note that a couple who marry under local law in another country, at an age valid there but below the Indian threshold, may find the marriage recognised abroad but difficult to register in India.

Five things couples get wrong about marriage age

That an Arya Samaj marriage has a lower age. It does not. An Arya Samaj marriage is solemnised under the Hindu Marriage Act and carries the same 21 and 18, whatever anyone claims about a same-day certificate.

That parental consent lowers the age. There is no consent exception. A parent cannot authorise a marriage below the statutory age, and doing so exposes the parent to liability under the 2006 Act.

That an engagement or roka is affected. It is not. An engagement carries no legal status in India, so there is no minimum age for one. Only the marriage itself is regulated.

That the age is counted at the notice date. The requirement is tested at the date of the marriage, though as noted above most offices will not accept an underage notice in the first place.

That registering later fixes it. Registration records a valid marriage. It does not cure one that was invalid when it took place, and applying to register online will not change that.

Where the law on marriage age stands in 2026

Most of what circulates about the marriage age is a headline from a year when something was proposed. The table sets out what was proposed, what happened to it, and what that means for a couple marrying now.

What the 2024 Supreme Court judgment changed

The judgment, in a petition brought by the Society for Enlightenment and Voluntary Action, is about enforcement rather than the age itself. The Court asked states and districts to treat prevention as the priority, to make the officers who are meant to stop child marriages effective, and to work with communities rather than rely on prosecution after the event. It also observed that the betrothal of children is used to get around the law and suggested that Parliament consider outlawing it. For an adult couple none of this changes the paperwork. It explains why registrars, venues and priests have become noticeably more careful about age proof.

What this means if you are marrying soon

If both of you have completed 21 and 18 on the wedding date, you meet the requirement in every state, including Himachal and Uttarakhand. The only couples who need to look closely are those where the bride is between 18 and 21 and the wedding is in Himachal Pradesh, where the answer depends on whether the state Bill has received assent by the time of the ceremony. Check that directly with the registrar for the district before the date is fixed, since a registrar applies the law in force on the day, not the law expected. Couples in Uttarakhand should also expect registration to be compulsory under the state code, which our Uttarakhand registration guide covers.

Love marriage age for a boy and a girl

A love marriage is not a separate legal category in India, so it has no age rule of its own. The same minimum applies whether the match was arranged or chosen by the couple: 21 for the boy and 18 for the girl on the date of the marriage. What changes in a love marriage is usually the route. Couples from different castes or religions, or whose families object, often marry under the Special Marriage Act, and two adults who meet the age requirement do not need their parents’ consent. Our guides to the court marriage process and inter-caste and inter-religion marriage cover the steps.

Marriage age by religion and state

Families often ask whether the age changes with religion or with the state they live in. For almost every couple the answer is no.

The short answer in Hindi, Tamil and Bengali

Hindi: भारत में शादी की कानूनी उम्र लड़के के लिए 21 वर्ष और लड़की के लिए 18 वर्ष है। कोर्ट मैरिज और लव मैरिज पर भी यही उम्र लागू होती है।

Tamil: இந்தியாவில் திருமணத்திற்கான சட்டப்பூர்வ வயது ஆணுக்கு 21, பெண்ணுக்கு 18. பதிவுத் திருமணத்திற்கும் இதே வயது பொருந்தும்.

Bengali: ভারতে বিয়ের আইনি বয়স ছেলেদের জন্য ২১ বছর এবং মেয়েদের জন্য ১৮ বছর। কোর্ট ম্যারেজেও একই বয়স প্রযোজ্য।

Also on Velvet Knot: love marriage vs arranged marriage.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the legal age of marriage in India?

21 years for men and 18 years for women, set by the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006 and reflected in the marriage statutes.

Is the legal age for women changing to 21?

A Bill to raise it from 18 to 21 was introduced in 2021 but lapsed in June 2024, when the 17th Lok Sabha was dissolved, so it never became law. The legal age for women remains 18 until any change is notified.

What happens if a marriage is below the legal age?

It is a child marriage under the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006, which is an offence to perform or promote, and such a marriage is voidable at the option of the party who was a minor.

What age proof is accepted for marriage registration?

Generally a passport, birth certificate, school leaving or 10th-standard certificate, or another government document showing date of birth. The date must be consistent across your documents.

Does the minimum age apply to all marriage laws?

Yes. The minimum age of 21 for men and 18 for women applies across the Hindu Marriage Act, the Special Marriage Act and the other marriage statutes.

Does the legal age apply to NRIs marrying in India?

Yes. The legal minimum age applies to marriages solemnised in India regardless of whether a party is an NRI; see our NRI marriage registration guide for the wider process.

What is the court marriage age for a boy and a girl in India?

Twenty one for the boy and 18 for the girl, the same as any other marriage. Section 4(c) of the Special Marriage Act, 1954 sets the identical threshold, so a court marriage is not a route around the age requirement.

Can a girl marry at 18 in India in 2026?

Yes. The legal minimum age for a woman remains 18 years. A bill proposing to raise it to 21 was introduced in Parliament in December 2021 and referred to a standing committee, and it lapsed in June 2024 without becoming law. Check the current position before relying on it.

What age proof do I need for marriage registration?

A birth certificate, a Class 10 board or school leaving certificate showing date of birth, or a passport. Aadhaar and PAN are accepted for age in some states and treated as identity proof only in others, so confirm with your local registrar first.

Do we need our parents’ consent to marry?

No, not if both of you are above the legal age. Two consenting adults may marry without parental consent or presence, and a marriage officer cannot refuse on the ground that a family objects.

Is a marriage below the legal age void or valid?

Generally voidable rather than void. The party who was a child may petition to annul it, ordinarily within two years of attaining majority. It is void in aggravated situations such as enticement or trafficking, and a registrar will not register it in any case.

Does the marriage age differ by state?

Not in practice today. The ages of 21 and 18 come from central law and apply in every state. Himachal Pradesh passed a Bill in 2024 to raise the age for women to 21 in that state, but it needs the President’s assent before it can take effect, so check its status before relying on it. What mainly differs from state to state is the registration procedure and the portal.

Has any state raised the marriage age for women to 21?

Himachal Pradesh passed a Bill in August 2024 raising the age for women to 21 in that state. Because it departs from the central Act, it needs the President’s assent before it takes effect, so confirm its status with the district registrar before a wedding there. Elsewhere, the age for women remains 18.

Is the marriage age different for a love marriage?

No. A love marriage follows the same law as any other marriage, so the boy must be 21 and the girl 18 on the date of the marriage. Two adults who meet that age can marry without their parents’ consent.

Is the girl’s marriage age different in Tamil Nadu or other states?

No. The age of 18 for a girl and 21 for a boy comes from central law and applies in Tamil Nadu, Kerala, West Bengal and every other state. Himachal Pradesh has passed a Bill to raise the girl’s age to 21, but it needs the President’s assent before it takes effect.

Sources and further reading

• Wikipedia: Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006
• India Code: central Acts (Ministry of Law and Justice)
• Velvet Knot: marriage registration in India
• Velvet Knot: documents required
• Supreme Court of India: judgment of 18 October 2024 on the Prohibition of Child Marriage Act
• Uniform Civil Code of Uttarakhand Act, 2024